Most bacteria, like all animals, get their energy from the
cellular respiration process, which converts glucose and oxygen to carbon
dioxide and water. Oxygen accepts electrons as it combines with other chemicals
in reactions. But bacteria when underground have no oxygen to breathe. For that
they produce energy for their growth by transferring electrons to rust and
other surrounding metal oxides.
Bacteria at the,
converting plant and animal debris in the mud into electricity and carbon
dioxide. Electrons flow through wires to a cathode sitting in water above the
mud, where they combine with oxygen to complete the circuit. The bacteria are
highly efficient and can produce electricity continuously for many months or
even years.
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